Tendonitis

– patella tendonits – achilles tendonitis – shoulder tendonitis – hip tendonitis – peroneal tendonitis – biceps tendonitis – bicipital tendonitis – plantar fasciitis – elbow tendonitis – deQuervain’s tendonitis – calcific tendonitis – golfer’s elbow – tennis elbow – epicondylitis

What is the difference between tendons, ligaments and muscles?

Tendons connect muscles to bone, whereas ligaments connect bone to bone in a joint. Tendons are constructed of connective tissue (collagen, elastin) where as muscles are constructed of actin and myosin (specialized protein strands). Tendons, although able to increase in length under a load, do not have contractile properties like muscles do. Tendons also do not have a very good blood supply (vascularization) compared to muscles. Tendons have very strong attachments to bone, so strong that it may pull of a section of bone instead of rupturing when subject to trauma. Some forms of tendonits involve the tendon actually pulling off the top layer of cells (periosteum) of a bone, resulting in an inflammatory response. Well known examples include plantar fascitis and shin splints.

When a muscle undergoes a concentric contraction (shortens in length as it contracts) it pulls the tendon towards it. Since a muscle is anchored to bone, its tendon will often contact and slide against the bone. Tendons are encased in sheaths whose function is to allow smooth gliding of the tendon against proximal structures like bone, other tendons, ligaments and nerves. However, with repeated movements of tendons, especially those under a load (hard gripping, extended vibration/ shocks, lifting, pushing) small tears occur in the tendons resulting in an inflammatory response. The inflammatory response is controlled by the immune system and produces a multitude of biochemical compounds that play critical roles in managing the injury, some of which are pain-generating (arachidonic acid). Sometimes the response “overshoots” turning into a problem of its own. As the inflammatory products build up, swelling takes place. Increased swelling leads to increased pressure in the injured area, which in turn leads to a hypoxic (reduced oxygen delivery) state, perpetuating the problem. This explains why tendonitis can often last for several years (become chronic).

At first onset of tendonitis, stop the precipitating activity. Rest is the first line of defense. Next, apply an ice wrap to the inflamed tendon. Do not apply heat, heat will increase the inflammatory response in the early stages. Wrap an ice pack around the tendon with ace wrap, applying firm pressure. Leave on for about 20 minutes. Repeat every two waking hours until pain subsides. For wrist tendonitis, wearing a supportive wrist brace may provide relief as well.

If your tendonitis persists, over the counter anti-inflammatories are an optional choice. However, if no relief occurs, discontinue and seek a physician.

In some cases, a cortisone injection into the tendon can help reduce the inflammation.

Is this treatment right for you?

Our clinicians begin with a comprehensive evaluation and shape your plan around your condition, goals, and physician’s guidance.